Question 1

What is Naismith's Rule?

Accepted Answer

Naismith's Rule is a classic hiking time estimation formula from 1892. It calculates hiking time based on distance (5 km/h or 3 mph on flat ground) plus 1 hour for every 600 meters (2000 feet) of elevation gain. It's a simple baseline that works well for moderate terrain and typical fitness levels.

Question 2

How accurate is the hiking time calculator?

Accepted Answer

The calculator uses five proven mathematical models to provide a realistic time range. Individual hiking times vary based on fitness, weather, trail conditions, and many other factors. The calculator provides best-case, likely, and worst-case scenarios to help you plan conservatively. Always add extra time for safety margins.

Question 3

What is Book Time?

Accepted Answer

Book Time is a conservative hiking estimation method used in the White Mountains. It calculates 30 minutes per mile plus 30 minutes per 1,000 feet of elevation gain. It tends to give slower estimates than Naismith's Rule and is particularly useful for rugged terrain and less experienced hikers.

Question 4

Should I account for elevation loss (descent)?

Accepted Answer

Yes, steep descents can significantly slow your pace. The calculator includes Langmuir corrections that account for descent time. Moderate descents are typically faster than flat ground, but very steep descents (over 12 degrees) require extra time and caution.

Question 5

How does terrain affect hiking time?

Accepted Answer

Terrain has a major impact on hiking speed. The calculator includes adjustments for different terrain types: trail (baseline), rocky terrain (+15% time), scrambling (+40% time), snow (+50% time), and mud (+40% time). These multipliers are applied to the base calculations.

Question 6

What is Tobler's hiking function?

Accepted Answer

Tobler's hiking function is an exponential formula that calculates walking speed based on slope gradient. It accounts for both ascent and descent, and shows that hiking speed is fastest on slight downhill slopes (around -2.86 degrees). It's based on extensive research and provides accurate estimates across varying terrain.

Question 7

How do I plan for daylight margins?

Accepted Answer

The calculator can estimate your finish time and compare it to sunset. As a safety rule, plan to finish at least 1-2 hours before sunset. If hiking in winter or unfamiliar terrain, allow even more margin. Always carry a headlamp as backup, even on day hikes.

Question 8

Does pack weight affect hiking time?

Accepted Answer

Yes, heavier packs slow you down. Research suggests roughly 1-3% slower pace for every 5% of body weight carried. A 30-pound pack for a 150-pound person (20% body weight) might slow your pace by 12-20%. Ultralight backpacking can significantly improve your hiking speed and comfort.

Hiking Time Calculator

Quick Presets

Essential Inputs

Trail Conditions

Physical Factors

Planning

How It Works

Naismith's Rule

Book Time

Tobler's Function

Langmuir Corrections

Tranter Corrections

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